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MIDWIVES
Congratulations, you are pregnant!!
Now it is time to decide what type of healthcare provider you want to care
for you and your baby during the pregnancy and birth. Women can choose
between obstetricians and midwives in communities where both are available.
In many parts of Europe,
midwives deliver more than 70% of normal vaginal births. In the
United States,
midwives deliver at least 10% of normal vaginal births. Many people still do
not understand how midwives are trained and what services they provide.
What kind of education and training does a
midwife have?
Midwives today come from a variety
of different backgrounds. The subtitle a midwife uses indicates the level of
education and training. Most American midwives are
certified
nurse-midwives (CNM’s)
who:
*
Have completed a
nursing program
*
Have graduated from a nurse-midwifery program credentialed by the
American
College
of Nurse-Midwives
*
Have passed the national exam from the
American
College
of Nurse-Midwives to be certified
* Are licensed in every
state
* Have
a professional relationship with physicians for consultation about patients
and
referral or transfer to the
physician if indicated by the
patient’s condition
About 96% of births attended by nurse-midwives occur in
hospitals.
A certified midwife (CM)
is not a registered nurse but otherwise has met the same qualifications
required by the
American
College
of Nurse-Midwives for education and certification. Since this type of
midwife credential only began in 1996 CM’s are not yet licensed in all
states.
A
certified professional midwife (CPM)
is certified by the North American Registry of Midwives after passing
written exams and hands-on skill evaluations. They attend home births and
may attend birth center births if they are licensed in the state where the
birth center is located. Their legal status depends upon state regulations.
They may not have a formal relationship with a physician for consultation
and referral. They are not currently licensed in NC. They are attempting to
get licensure through the NC General Assembly.
A direct-entry midwife
is an independent practitioner educated in the discipline of midwifery
through self-study, apprenticeship, a midwifery school, or a college- or
university-based program distinct from the discipline of nursing. A
direct-entry midwife is trained to provide the Midwives Model of Care to
healthy women and newborns throughout the childbearing cycle primarily in
out-of-hospital settings.
A lay midwife is
an uncertified or unlicensed midwife who was educated through informal
routes such as self-study or apprenticeship rather than through a formal
program. This term does not necessarily mean a low level of education, just
that the midwife either chose not to become certified or licensed, or there
was no certification available for her type of education (as was the fact
before the Certified Professional Midwife credential was available). Other
similar terms to describe uncertified or unlicensed midwives are traditional
midwife, traditional birth attendant, granny midwife and independent
midwife.
The only midwives who are licensed
in North Carolina
are certified nurse-midwives like
Rebecca (Becky) Yates. She has a bachelor’s degree in nursing and a master’s
in nurse-midwifery. She is certified by the
American
College
of Nurse-Midwives and is required to obtain ongoing continuing education in
order to maintain their certification as a nurse-midwife. Her office in
Albemarle
is For Women’s Health located at 305 Yadkin
St. Telephone
704-982-3400.
Becky provides care to pregnant women for prenatal care
and birth. She performs ultrasounds and other tests to evaluate the
well-being of the baby. She also provides gynecologic care to non-pregnant
women such as yearly exams, Pap tests, management of menstrual problems and
menopause, evaluation and prescription of birth control methods, and the
treatment of female infections. Becky is also a Certified Menopause
Practitioner and has special expertise in osteoporosis.
What’s the midwife’s philosophy?
Midwives believe that birth is a normal event and see
their role as supporting the normal process of labor. Midwives also focus on
the psychological aspects of the mother’s experience of experience and
pregnancy and birth. Although capable of using ultrasound, fetal monitors,
and other medical technology, midwives prefer to use these tools less
frequently than physicians in order to avoid interfering with the normal
labor process. In addition to supporting the patient’s choice for her
pregnancy and birth as long as it is safe for mother and baby, the midwife
can provide medications and order epidurals for pain if the patient desires
and use medical technology as needed to assure a safe outcome for mother and
baby.
What does the midwife do?
During the prenatal time, nurse-midwives spend a lot of
time addressing the woman’s concerns, educating her about pregnancy, and
preparing her for childbirth. During the labor, the midwife stays with the
patient as much as possible during the difficult time of labor. She may
utilize support measures such as position changes, walking in labor, use of
water in the bathtub or shower for pain relief, and use of the birthing ball
or birth stools. If a need for a cesarean section occurs the obstetrician
who is available will perform the surgery. The midwife is trained to
recognize the signs of problems during pregnancy and will consult the
physician if necessary.
Safety of nurse-midwife care:
Numerous studies have shown that care by nurse-midwives
can result in less cesarean sections, low birth weight, and prematurity. The
nurse-midwife has training in life saving skills for mother and baby.
Selecting a midwife for your pregnancy and birth:
As you can see from the explanation about the education
and training of midwives, the sites where they attend births, and their
relationships with the medical community, it is very important to ask
questions before choosing a midwife. Find out about the level of education
to become a midwife, the site where care is provided and births attended,
and the existence of a relationship with the hospital and medical community.
Pregnancy and childbirth is a very special time in a
woman’s life and one she may only experience a few times in her lifetime. It
is important to choose a provider who honors the experience of pregnancy and
birth and endeavors to provide quality medical care and emotional support of
the mother and family.
In order to provide culturally sensitive and
competent care to Hispanic patients, For Women’s Health has a Hispanic
employee to assure effective communication with patients who have no or
limited English skills.
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